Cancer - excess deuterium -> mitochondrial dysfunction; also black chickpeas, SOD1 and sulfur.

Pfizer has invested in cancer drugs, post CoV 'success' (at promoting cancer), so a post on the underlying cause of cancer - fluid imbalance. Our structured water loses its shape from heavy hydrogen.

Pfizer's cancer treatments are not likely to help because the cancer industry doesn’t treat the underlying issues which are nutrient and lifestyle based, not just environmental toxins. In health we remove toxins and keep up with oxidative stress chemicals. In illness the toxins and stress win.

Post too long for email.

This post is about the theory in this video, and related topics that I have been writing about. It helps pull things together nicely. Pretty package with a ribbon and bow.

An hour-long presentation by Petra Davelaar, ND: Submolecular Dysregulation is the Cause of Cancer - January 29, 2023.m4v, Deutenomics Science Institute,

• Transcript/written version: Submolecular Dysregulation Due to Deuterium Accumulation Is the Cause of Cancer - Townsend Letter,

• Reference list for the video/text: TL-REFERENCES-Submolecular-Dysregulation-Due-to-Deuterium-Accumulation-Is-the-Cause-of-Cancer-Dorfsman.pdf (townsendletter.com)

Deuterium is heavy hydrogen making heavy water compared to normal and it breaks up the quantum effects that are possible in structured water. Exclusion Zone or structured water has areas with negative and positive polarity in a flowing plasma of protons and electrons rather than having individual water molecules with normal chemical shape. Deuterium is part of life but is more likely to be in excess with modern life habits and environment as EMF and bright screen light adds to the accumulation. Mitochondria need to pump out deuterium to protect the inner membrane layer’s form and function.

Cancer seems to be initially due to this disruption in mitochondria or cytoplasm fluid, leading to a lack of one-carbon methylation function within the cell nucleus. Methylation of DNA tells the protein production system which genes are okay to produce and which are turned off. Lack of methylation means reoughly that many more genes will be turned on - and that can lead to out of control growth. The cell is making everything! All of the time! On, On, On, On, On, On, On, - normally the circadian cycle is turning genes on or off every 24 hours - daytime genes on during the day and nighttime genes on during the night. Assembly line shift change is helped by early morning sunshine, and having dim twilight, reddish light only in the last three hours before sleep.

So, to stop cancer, we need to restore methylation which may require a variety of supplements in addition to reducing deuterium through lifestyle change and diet and water supply adjustments. Diet balance is a factor. Lower carbohydrate and intermittent fasting helps and avoiding a high fat (>50-60% of total calories) or high saturated fat diet (greater than 10% of total calories) is also needed for mitochondria to be able to use the citric acid cycle.

We need to restore - On - methylation cycles - Off - methylation cycles - On - methylation cycles - Off - methylation cycles - On - methylation cycles - Off - methylation cycles - On - methylation cycles - Off - methylation cycles- On - methylation cycles - Off - methylation cycles……. every day, every night -that is the goal,

… should you choose to accept it. In order to do so, step one apparently can be - get the deuterium out of mitochondria. Step two may include varied needs based on individual differences in methylation ability, diet balance, lifestyle exposure to EMF or other toxins, even very loud noise adds to inflammation. Like living near a highway or train station. Or having a broken fan or air conditioner running. The list of things that can disrupt mitochondria and add to deuterium excess is long. Identifying an underlying causal issue though is hugely helpful because we can focus on improving that rather than wasting time and health on “treatments” that focus on “killing the cancer”. Reminder: The cancer is normal cells that need help getting their mitochondria back to quantum energy flow and output, so the nucleur DNA methylation can occur normally again. On-Off-On-Off-On-Off-On-Off - the goal.

Part of the problem is that practically everyone in modern life is already in the ON-ON-ON-ON-ON mode and will have a long list of changes to make to re-establish a healthy circadian cycle and restore the On-Off-On-Off-On-Off-On-Off goal.

The lifestyle and diet changes are all relatively inexpensive to do, just individual behaviors that may not individually be ‘easy’ to do, but are possible to try, compared to spending a million dollars on current care cancer treatments of chemotherapy, radiation or surgery - all attacks on the body that increase mitochondrial dysfunction and add to overall risk of other complications or more cancer spread. Cancer treatment is popular though and there would be sympathy cards, so we each make our own choices - but need to be informed for it truly to be a “choice”.

Background on deuterium and structured water.

Previous posts have included discussion of structured water and quantum biology effects in our health. Or lack of health.

Deuterium is heavy hydrogen or hydrogen-2. It has a proton and a neutron for double the atomic mass (almost) of hydrogen-1, the more abundant form of hydrogen at ~ 99.98% of all hydrogen. Excess amounts of the deuterium type within mitochondria disrupt the folding of the inner membrane and the mitochondria’s ability to use the Citric Acid Cycle for energy production instead of lactic acid producing fermentation. The glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle type of energy production, is the normal way for the mitochondria to deplete deuterium.

Excerpt from the Transcript/written version: Submolecular Dysregulation Due to Deuterium Accumulation Is the Cause of Cancer - Townsend Letter

“A 2014 PLOS publication further details how fumarate hydratase-deficient kidney cancer cells undergo metabolic remodeling, with changes in mitochondrial respiration, glucose, and glutamine metabolism.⁵² These changes represent multiple biochemical adaptations in glucose and fatty acid metabolism that support malignant proliferation.

The authors again demonstrated that the restoration of fumarate hydratase function leads towards a normal metabolic phenotype, rather than a lactic fermentation driven “Warburg”-like phenotype, without additional changes. What this data tells us is that by restoring metabolic water recycling pathways we can reprogram and reverse the cancerous phenotype of transformed cells.

In 2016 another landmark paper was published that explained in detail how submolecular dysregulation leads to cancer entitled: “Submolecular regulation of cell transformation by deuterium depleting water exchange reactions in the tricarboxylic acid substrate cycle.”⁵³

This is the paper that identified the precise mechanisms by which our bodies keep deuterium away from the mitochondrial matrix. Years earlier Olgun described how deuterium damages the delicate ATP synthase nanomotors of mitochondria.⁵⁴

The role of deuterium in biology is a potential missing piece in the elusive cancer puzzle,⁵³ explaining cancer epidemics in western populations as it seemingly correlates with excessive deuterium loading from processed carbohydrate intake⁵⁵ in place of natural fat consumption.⁵⁶

These findings and the application of tracer-based metabolomics have provided new insight to the Warburg effect.

In the cancer process, glycolysis can no longer deplete deuterium because there is no deuterium depleted water available in the mitochondria and/or cytoplasm. Deuterium destroys proton tunneling, hydrogens stop moving via tunneling and they don’t deliver energy through nanomotor movements. Protons cannot get into the matrix and hydrogens pile up outside the mitochondria still residing on lactate.” […]

Townsend Letter

Structured water and quantum energy effects are not possible with the excess deuterium. “Deuterium destroys proton tunneling,…” Townsend Letter

So, the answer to what is different about the cytoplasm of cancer cells seems to be due to excess deuterium. It is likely disrupting the exclusion zones, the varied polarities of the inner and outer layers of the structured water. It helps move water through tiny tubes as the heavier positively charged protons cluster in the center and the lighter negatively charged electrons are at the outer edges of the zone.

“The experimental data provides direct evidence that density, surface tension and viscosity anomalies of water are caused by the presence of variable concentration of deuterium which leads to the formation of water clusters of different size and quantity.” (Goncharuk, et al., 2013)

Structured water - description

From a previous post: Structured water is a gel phase of water that is quantumly active and faster, more powerful, than standard views of chemistry. The gel phase of water is thicker than liquid and tunnels can be formed through it. Somewhat like Jello TM dessert, but probably with more fats and protein like a creamier custard or pudding. The gel phase has also been called the Exclusion Zone - things are excluded from structured water and it may be able to be used to purify sea water. In the blood vessels it helps blood flow through tiny capillaries because quantum tunneling of the protons occurs with more hydrogen ions ( -H+) at the interior, and a denser area of negatively charged hydroxyl groups ( -OH-), at the outer edge of the Exclusion Zone. In quantum biology this is called proton tunneling or quantum tunneling.

• Excerpt from the Heart Revolution series, post: The Heart Revolution, con't - Mike Adams wins magnesium award. (substack.com) Nutshell of the series - the heart is not a pump it is a double vortex that structures our blood/fluid when functioning and does not when in congestive heart failure. It loses the double vortex shape and becomes more like a rounded cube.

Impaired methylation cycles leads to impaired DNA methylation in the cell nucleus.

Once the mitochondrial and cytoplasm are not functioning correctly, then DNA methylation cannot occur normally within a cell’s nucleus.

Fumarate hydratase helped as a treatment in the excerpt above. It is an enzyme involved in the methylation cycles which converts fumarate into malate. (omim.org/entry/136850) It is called Fumarase and is shown below in step 7 in the graphic from Khan Academy:

The Citric Acid Cycle (KhanAcademy.org)

Note that NAD+ is needed three times in the cycle and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is needed once - niacin and riboflavin are precursors. The citric acid cycle screeches to a halt without niacin or riboflavin too. See this post, part of a series on mitochondria: Mitochondrial dysfunction, continued, & an ASPEN webinar. (substack.com)

And Acetyl CoA, which is needed at the entry point at the top of the graphic, for step one to take place, won’t be produced if the total diet balance is above 10% calories from saturated fats or there is excessive active Retinoids in the body - too much vitamin A in active forms. That is the body’s on/off switch for the citric acid cycle versus fermentation of fats for energy. Getting it to switch back to citric acid cycle function again is the cancer treatment goal. The citric acid/one-carbon cycles are needed for the DNA methylation to occur within a cell nucleus (and may have other DNA regulatory functions).

Normally the switch to fermentation would be temporary, a feast/famine situation, and then it would switch back to use of the more efficient and less waste producing citric acid cycle.

The paper, ‘Impaired Folate-Mediated One-Carbon Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes, Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease and Long COVID,’ describes how the disruption of methylation cycles leads to reduced DNA methylation in a cell nucleus; without using cancer as an example, but it would be the same mechanism as in Type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s or LongCovid. (Hayden, Tyagi, 2022) See Figures 1: Folate-Mediated One-Carbon Metabolism (FOCM), and 2. Compartmentalization of FOCM.

Part of the issue can be lack of methylation nutrients (which may be due to diet or gene dysfunction or poor GI absorption of B vitamins). See this post for more information about the one carbon methylation cycles and the paper by Hayden, Tyagi, 2022: Nature loves a good design; Cancer, POTS, Epigenetics & the One-Carbon Methylation Cycles. (substack.com)

• Also on topic - structured water and Dr. Burzynski’s discovery: Cancer care or profit stream? Story of Dr. Burzynski and an ancient therapy (urine!). (substack.com) *Emotional wellness can be a factor in health as emotional stress can be a causal factor.

• This post expands on a video included in that post on What is a Securely Attached Adult? Dr. Schwartz gives us a baseline - What is a securely attached adult? (substack.com)

Deuterium is maintained within a narrow range for health - some is needed but too much promotes cell proliferation.

Deuterium seems to be part of oxidative stress chemical increase. Some is normal, and the body seems to maintain a level of 90-100 ppm:

“Determination of deuterium concentration in the plasma was carried out using nuclear magnetic resonance. The method of luminol-dependent H2O2-induced chemiluminescence was used for the detection of relatively unstable chemically active radicals in the plasma. Stable radicals detect by the EPR spectrometry.

Results and Conclusion — Thus, it should be noted that blood plasma demonstrates reliable reduction in deuterium concentration when using deuterium depleted water that continues until the values of 90-100 ppm thereafter remaining practically unchanged.

At the same time, deuterium depleted water affects prooxidant-antioxidant system of the body reducing the intensity of free radical oxidation and restoring the capacity of the endogenous antioxidant system.”

(Artsybasheva, et al., 2014)

The deuterium depleted water led to reduced intensity of oxidative chemical production and restored the capacity of the animal’s own ability to make antioxidants like glutathione. (Artsybasheva, et al., 2014) Other research highlights use of deuterium in anti-inflammatory ways and the stabilization at 90-100 ppm also suggests that some deuterium is part of life and health - just not too much, especially within mitochondria - they have to keep removing it, shoveling out the stall constantly.

Balance is needed as deuterium seems to have regulatory effects on cell growth. (Zhang, Wang, Zubarev, 2020)

The range of control is between 80 ppm to 350 ppm: “Deuterium enrichment to 350 ppm accelerates cell proliferation, which is opposite to that of deuterium depletion to 80 ppm.” (Zhang, Wang, Zubarev, 2020) The idea of more cell growth may seem nice but consider what a cancer tumor is - accelerated cell growth. Yes, the “Results: 300–450 Ppm DEW Promotes Growth of Cancer Cells,” and earlier in the introduction:

“On the other side of the enrichment scale, it has been found that deuterium depleted water (DDW) with deuterium content of 20-130 ppm suppresses cell growth, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth (18–20). Despite dozens of research reports, most confirming this finding, the molecular mechanism of DDW growth suppression has also been missing. Recently, we have studied the antiproliferation effect of 80 ppm DDW in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells with modern chemical proteomics methods and found that DDW induces mitochondrial redox imbalance which leads to oxidative stress (21).” (Zhang, Wang, Zubarev, 2020)

That explanation of why the growth slows: “and found that DDW induces mitochondrial redox imbalance which leads to oxidative stress (21).” (Zhang, Wang, Zubarev, 2020); doesn’t include the theory that growth is slowed because restored methylation of nuclear DNA turns off the genes that are causing the out-of-control growth rate. “and found that DDW induces mitochondrial redox imbalance which leads to oxidative stress (21).” (Zhang, Wang, Zubarev, 2020)

According to the explanation in the video by Petra Davelaar, ND, the deuterium depleted water is helping to reduce deuterium levels within mitochondria so they can start using the citric acid cycle again - which does also produce oxidative stress chemicals as it breaks down a glucose molecule. Oxidative stress chemicals are waste products, like the ash or coals left at the end of a campfire.

Above 600 ppm slowed the growth in the studies three types of cancer cells, as deuterium is toxic to cells at greater concentrations. Typical water content is ~150 ppm but varies. (Zhang, Wang, Zubarev, 2020)

“[Deuterium Enriched Water] DEW Affects Cellular Redox Balance

Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the production of free radicals and reactive metabolites, such as oxidants or reactive oxygen species (ROS), and their neutralization (detoxification) on the other hand (25). During the last two decades, extensive research has revealed that oxidative stress can lead to chronic inflammation, which in turn could mediate other chronic diseases, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, neurological, and pulmonary diseases (26). On the other hand, ROS are not toxic per se; being generated through a variety of extracellular and intracellular processes, they act as signal mediators in growth, differentiation, progression, and cell death (27).” (Zhang, Wang, Zubarev, 2020)

Superoxide dismutase, copper, zinc & sulfur

SOD1 and copper, zinc, and sulfur/sulfate adequacy are needed for mitochondria and therefore, for cancer prevention or treatment, - or for spike issues *a tip from Dr. Tau Braun).

Improving the underlying misfunction can turn cancer cases around in short time span, a seeming miracle. When a missing nutrient is provided the return of normal function can seem like a miracle because it can also provide rapid improvement. Finding the problem, allows us to fix the problem, instead of trying to shovel out misfolded amyloid every day or transplant organs.

What is sulphur/sulfur versus sulphate or sulphide?

Sulphur/sulfur is the element and is yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Sulphate/sulfate is a negatively charged ion with a charge of -2 (an anion) that forms from one atom of sulphur and 4 of oxygen (SO4 -2). The ionic sulphur atom in solution is called sulphide/sulphite. “The ions of Sulphur form anions and have negative charges on them. For example, sulphide, sulphite has a di- negative (-2) charge on it.” (vedantu.com/question-answer/difference-between-sulphur-and-sulphat-class-11-chemistry-cbse-60daf78aac4ce10411ac24d2) Why so many spellings? UK versus US lingo maybe. I don’t know.

Food sources of sulfur containing phytonutrients - and, bonus, Nrf2 promoting, NF-kB inhibiting:

Cruciferous & Green Vegetables - Sulforaphane food sources: Broccoli, Brussel Sprouts, Bok choy, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Chives, Collard greens, Kale, Kohlrabi, Leeks, Lettuce, Mustard greens, Spinach, Swiss Chard, Asparagus, Artichoke, Okra. 

Allicin & Organosulfur food sources: Garlic, Chives, Leeks, Onions, Scallions, Shallots, Horseradish, Radish, Wasabi, Mushrooms, Mustard Seeds, Nasturium Flowers & Seeds, Capers, Watercress. 

Superoxide dismutase is an enzyme that breaks down superoxide radicals, which cause cell damage if left to collect, into normal oxygen and hydrogen peroxide which is less of a damage risk but also needs further detoxification. Superoxide dismutase, (SOD1), would be protective against damage in case of a heart attack, ischemic stroke. (Wikipedia)

Recognition is the first step towards change - recognizing that old approaches don't seem to work well, because they don't, allows us to look for what could help. The true believers angrily defend the current care and can get mad if you try to talk about the underlying causes of cancerous changes and the care that might help chaange the cells back to normal.

My mitochondrial support or Basic Stack recommendations already include copper, zinc, and sulfur containing veggies as Nrf2 promoters or magnesium sulfate from Epsom salt soaks (fingernail spa day style can help too and is easier than a foot soak).

And the list of modern life promoters of NF-kB overlaps with the reducing sources of deuterium excess list.

Modern Life - promoting NF-kB Post: (3) Hyperinflammation - a positive feedback loop leading to Alzheimer's? (substack.com)

The above list has something in common besides being inflammatory - the factors may also be increasing deuterium. It is practically a match to the list of factors in the video. Histamine excess is not mentioned in the deuterium video.

• The video link again, an hour-long presentation by Petra Davelaar, ND: Submolecular Dysregulation is the Cause of Cancer - January 29, 2023.m4v, Deutenomics Science Institute, https://vimeo.com/793832829

Modern life factors that are inflammatory are affecting deuterium levels too. Quality of drinking water, not over-eating regularly - intermittent fasting, good light/dark habits, sleep and circadian cycle, get real sunshine, move regularly and consider other lymphatic flow therapies, hot/cold water or sauna therapies, reduce EMF exposure, breathe deeply - we need oxygen to help remove deuterium from mitochondria, and consider adding deuterium scavenging botanicals. See excerpt below:

“Deutenomics is revealing new mechanisms by which we can improve our cellular energy metabolism, protein integrity in order to reverse submolecular dysregulation every day.

To facilitate cellular reprogramming and reverse submolecular dysregulation, which will increase metabolic water production and bring the body in coherence, we have created a success list of aspects of daily life to focus on and integrate one by one where needed and possible.

• Consider your water, the deuterium content, the quality and quantity

• Consider fasting, both intermittent and with clear liquids

• Consider the light, your light environment of all spectra and intensities, including photodynamic therapy, photonbiomodulation, sunlight, UV light, and infrared light

• Adherence to circadian rhythms

• Include movement, acupuncture, and massage

• Consider temperature flux, including cold thermogenesis and sauna therapies

• Electromagnetic frequencies mitigation

• Optimize sleep environment

• Try different breathing techniques and realize that oxygen is one of the two rate-limiting factors of metabolic water production, besides protons.

• Add deuterium-scavenging botanicals if needed.”

Submolecular Dysregulation Due to Deuterium Accumulation Is the Cause of Cancer - Townsend Letter

• This article has more information about foods that are higher or lower in deuterium - heavy hydrogen is a phrase used. Deuterium Content in different foods and Deuterium Depletion, https://www.osmiowater.co.uk/osmioblog/deuterium-content-in-different-foods-and-deuterium-depletion.html

Another on that commercial water treatment site (many types of products) mentions the use of deuterium depleted water by veterinarians for neoplastic disease treatment.

“SAFETY FOR PETS

In different animal studies, deuterium-depleted water had no significant side effects. [r] It was also safe for cats and dogs. In Hungary, deuterium-depleted water (Vetera-DDW-25) is a veterinary addition to neoplastic disease treatment.”

[*neoplastic disease = tumors, benign or malignant cancers.]

What happens to your body when you drink deuterium depleted water?https://www.osmiowater.co.uk/osmioblog/what-heppens-to-your-body-when-you-drink-deuterium-depleated-water.html

The earlier video by Petra Davelaar mentioned Deuterium depleted water as a potential recovery strategy but focused more on the lifestyle factors that cause us to collect more deuterium in the first place - take the horse out of the stall and there will be less muck to rake out the next day.

Is there a cure for cancer? Prevention on a daily basis is also part of the cure.

Black chickpeas for breakfast for me today. The broth is very tasty and a source of delphinidin, an anthocyanidin. These seem lower in oxalate than black beans - easier for my gut. Garbanzo is deemed a low oxalate legume in one reference I saw. Commercial crops however now have a glyphosate disadvantage. Humus and garbanzo beans have been found to have high levels of glyphosate. The Round-up is used as a drying agent on the ripened bean pods just before harvest. That should be banned. Glyphosate should be banned altogether. It is destroying soil health too. [soapbox] The Roasted Garbanzo flour I use in my dad's porridge is organic.

Sattu Flour, Roasted Chickpea Flour. Organic, grown without synthetic pesticides & GMOs; 24 Mantra Organic.

The black chickpeas are smaller and have a tougher dark brown peel than larger commercial ones. The broth is a rich dark color full of flavor. I added cumin, coriander, Gumbo file, a little coconut milk and oil for creaminess, onion, garlic, celery, and Bay Leaves were in the broth. I add a couple spoons of apple cider vinegar, sea salt and Nutritional Yeast Flakes to a serving and maybe a 1/4 teaspoon of Turkey Rhubarb Root powder - tasty and a bitter nutrient source.

Carotenoid check, before I eat too many: 35.09 mg β-carotene/kg - compared to Tart Cherries, that is closer to sweet cherries (see this post: Retinoid Toxicity strikes again . . . (substack.com), so I should be okay with the black chickpeas. The carotenoid content of standard garbanzos is similar (20 mg, probably per 100 grams) but the difference in anthocyanin content is even greater: 43.98 ± 0.94 total anthocyanins (mg cyanidin 3-O-glucoside/kg) (Summo, et al, 2019, Table 4) The other big difference between standard and black chickpeas is the fiber content. The brown peel is thicker and a little more chewing than the transparent peel on standard garbanzo beans.

Black Chickpeas (Kala Chana) with parsnips and leeks (cooked separately, reheated together).

• 19 Amazing Benefits Of Black Chickpeas (Kala Chana) For Skin, Hair And Health, Learn how this amazing protein source can contribute to your overall health. Reviewed by Ryan Fernando, MSc (Nutrition), By Tanya Choudhary, ISSA Certified Specialist In Fitness & Nutrition  •  Mar 6, 2023

• https://www.stylecraze.com/articles/benefits-of-black-chickpeas-for-skin-hair-and-health/

Delphinidin is helpful against misfolded protein conditions. It is also an iron and other trace mineral chelator and a good source of magnesium as each molecule has four atoms of magnesium. It may be helpful against dry eye conditions. See end of long post: Endoplasmic Reticulum stress, misfolded proteins, allosteric modulators and delphinidin. (substack.com)

Related to the last post, "Brain dead", "comatose", or iodine deficient? Fluoride is a neurotoxin:

“Report linking fluoride to brain harm’ covered up by the US in 2022. The true causes of illness are covered up, suppressed, lied about, for many things, not just CoV, and for many decades. Fluoride excess and iodine lack adds to breast cancer and prostate cancer risk as all glands need iodine, not just the thyroid gland. It gets first pick, so if it is low, then the rest of body’s glands have even less iodine. https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2023/04/06/report-linking-fluoride-to-brain-harm.aspx

Disclaimer: This information is being shared for educational purposes within the guidelines of Fair Use and is not intended to provide individual health guidance.

Reference List

(Artsybasheva, et al., 2014) Artsybasheva, O., Barysheva, E., Shashkov, D., Vlasov, R., Tekutskaya, E., 2014, Changes of Oxidation During Use the Food Diet with Deuterium Depleted Water in Laboratory Animals with Purulent Inflammation, Russian Open Medical Journal, 3(2), CID: 0201 https://romj.org/2014-0201

(Goncharuk, et al., 2013) Goncharuk VV, Kavitskaya AA, Romanyukina IY, Loboda OA. Revealing water's secrets: deuterium depleted water. Chem Cent J. 2013 Jun 17;7(1):103. doi: 10.1186/1752-153X-7-103. PMID: 23773696; PMCID: PMC3703265. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3703265/

(Summo, et al., 2019, Table 4) Summo C, De Angelis D, Rochette I, Mouquet-Rivier C, Pasqualone A. Influence of the preparation process on the chemical composition and nutritional value of canned purée of kabuli and Apulian black chickpeas. Heliyon. 2019 Mar 20;5(3):e01361. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01361. PMID: 30957044; PMCID: PMC6431736. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6431736/

(Zhang, Wang, Zubarev, 2020) Zhang X, Wang J, Zubarev RA. Slight Deuterium Enrichment in Water Acts as an Antioxidant: Is Deuterium a Cell Growth Regulator? Mol Cell Proteomics. 2020 Nov;19(11):1790-1804. doi: 10.1074/mcp.RA120.002231. Epub 2020 Aug 7. PMID: 32769093; PMCID: PMC7664117. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7664117/