Leptins - revised and expanded version.
*stay tuned.
See the last post, for more detail about retinoid toxicity and the PPAR mitochondrial switch, and some phytonutrients that may help. Regarding leptin - I will restore the post at a later time.
Summary points - a high fat diet can cause inflammatory problems by disrupting microbiome support of leptin production and high saturated fats can cause mitochondria to switch to fermentation instead of using the Citric Acid Cycle. Leptin resistance in obesity involves the elevated leptin levels but may also involve a lack of zinc and bitter tasting phytonutrients in the diet. Elevated leptin can increase appetite by activating TRPV1 channels that block CCK co-regulation of satiety with leptin. Inflammation would increase leptin production in non-adipose tissues which impact many areas of the body: lymphoid tissues, bone marrow, brain, gastric mucosa, intestine, skeletal muscle, mammary gland and the placenta. “(Wolsk et al., 2012; Vernooy et al., 2013; Li et al., 2017; Pan et al., 2017; Pérez-Pérez et al., 2018).” (CC by Bruno, et al, 2021)
Over exertion may increase myokines and the leptin, bowel troubles may include excess leptin output, bone marrow affects blood cell production and lymphoid tissue also affects cardiovascular health, the brain affects everything, and leptin is elevated in breast milk. More leptin is in the early colostrum and declining levels as the baby is older. Weight of the woman and other hormone levels affect the leptin concentration - insulin and thyroxin for mature milk and insulin and cortisol for the first milk, colostrum. Breast fed infant’s leptin levels are correlated with their mother’s leptin level and is higher than in formula fed infants, suggesting an essential role for leptin in growth and development. (Ilcol, Hizli, Ozkan, 2006)
Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational purposes within the guidelines of fair use. While I am a Registered Dietitian this information is not intended to provide individual health guidance. Please see a health professional for individual health care purposes.
Added Reference
Other references are or are or will be here (document), a back-up copy.
(El-Kersh, et al, 2021) El-Kersh, D.M., Ezzat, S.M., Salama, M.M. et al. Anti-estrogenic and anti-aromatase activities of citrus peels major compounds in breast cancer. Sci Rep 11, 7121 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86599-z Available at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-86599-z (Accessed 8 Nov 2022)